Bank of Ghana in 2025: Financially impaired but operationally resilient
Bank of Ghana's 2025 financial statements present a paradox. The Bank of Ghana reported deepening losses and a sharply negative equity position, yet continues to function with a degree of operational stability. The Bank of Ghana Group recorded a loss of GH¢15.3 billion in 2025, a marked increase from the GH¢9.4 billion loss reported the previous year. The most significant contributor to these losses is the cost of open market operations (OMO), which reached GH¢16.7 billion.
The Bank also recorded substantial revaluation and exchange losses, alongside losses from gold-related transactions. The Bank generated strong operating income, supported by interest earnings, fees and commissions, and gains from refined gold sales. Total liabilities exceeded total assets by a wide margin, resulting in negative equity of GH¢93.82 billion at the end of 2025, a sharp deterioration from the previous year. The primary driver of this balance sheet weakness is Ghana's Domestic Debt Exchange Programme, which imposed significant losses on government securities held by the Bank.
In 2025, the Bank generated sufficient operating income to exceed the costs of its OMO activities, resulting in a positive policy solvency position.
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The Bank of Ghana's 2025 financial statements reveal a paradox- losses deepen while operational stability remains. This raises questions about the central bank's role in a challenging macroeconomic environment - and the strategies it employs.
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